Composite metallic and concrete tie for railways.



PATENT E-D JUNE 7, 1904.

O..BU -"HYRER.Y COMPOSITE METALLIC AND CONCRETE TIE FOR RAILWAYS.

APPLICATION FILLED AUG. 5, 1902.

3 SHEBTS-SHIIBT 1.

v m: Nonms PETERS c0. PHOTOTLITHQ. WASHINGTON, n.0,

N0 MODEL.

- PATENTED JUNE 7, 1904-.

0.311311%. COMPOSITE METALLIC AND CONCRETE TIE FOR RAILWAYS.

QAPPLIIGYATION FILED AUG. 5, 19oz.

[s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

, 'PATENTEDVJUNE 7, 19O4. o. BUHRER. COMPOSITE METALLIC AND CONCRETE TIE FOR RAILIWAYS.

APPLICATION FILED we. 5, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 no MODEL.

Wi-Weooeo UNITED; I STATES Patented June 7, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

(JASPER B HRER, F sannusKr, orno.

- COMPOSITEMETALLICIAND CONCRETE TIE FOR RAILWAYS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 761,872, dated June 7, 1904.

I Application filed August 5, 1902. Serial No. 118,441. (No model.)

To all, whom it may concern:

' cation.

The object of my invention is the productionof an improved composite metallic and concrete tie for railways and improved trackrail fastenings adapted for use with the improved tie.

ful attempts have been made to design a composite tie which would meet the conditions required by actual service. Such ties for the most part have comprised a main body of con- Myi nvention accordingly consists in a com-- posite tie comprising a metallic beam having a flange or plain surface for receiving trackrails and a strengthening web or webs, the said beam being combined with a mass of concrete with the web or webs embedded therein for supporting the beam and facilitating the anchoring of the complete tie in the road-bed.

Further, it consists in certain novelties of constructions and combinations of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed. v

The accompanying drawings illustrate five examples of the physical embodiment of my invention relating to the tie and three examples of rail-fastenings, all constructed according to the best methods I have so far devised for the practical application of the principles. Figure 1 is a top plan view of a species of my improved tie, inwhich the main body'portion is a section of an old track-rail with its head and web embedded in concrete. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view; Fig. 3, a side view; Fig. 4;, a section of Fig. 1 on line A B; Fig.

tail views of a track-rail fastening; Fig. 9, a View in perspective of the tie as it appears when supporting the rails. FigJlO is a top plan view of a second species of the tie,in which the main body portion is an I-beam with one flange and the web embedded in concrete; Fig. 11, a cross-section of Fig. 10. Fig.

g 12 is a top plan view of athird species of the Pr or to my invention numerous unsuccesstie, in which a bulb-beam constitutes the main body portion; Fig. 13, a cross-section of Fig. 12. Figs. 14 and 15 show plan and side views of a fourth species having a Tbeam as the main body portion. Fig. 16 isa cross-section ofFig. 15. Figs. 17, 1.8, 19 illustrate plan, side, and cross-section views of a fifth species, in which the main bodyportion is a U-shaped beam with its webs embedded in concrete. Figs. 20, 21, 22 show a second species of railfastening. Figs. 28, 24, 25; 26 illustrate a third example of the rail-fastening means.

Referring to the several figures, the numeral 1 designates the metallic plate or rail bearing surface in each ofthe five examples; 2, the web or webs integral with "or secured to the plate portion; 3, the head of the old rail, lower flange of the I-beam, and bulb of the bulb-beam; 4:, the concrete in which the web or webs and head, lower flange, and bulb of the beams are embedded; 5, the narrow central part of the tie; 6, the beveled sides of the tie.

7 designates holes in the webs of the beams filled with concrete; 8 inFig. 17, bolts which unite the webs of the main beam; 9, dovetail seats for bolts made in the top plate or flange of the main beam; 10, a clip having a dovetailed recess 11 in one side and reversely-bev- 'eled surfaces 12 to engage the flange of a rail;

13, a wedge-shaped washer witha dovetailed perforation 14: in the body and which fits under the beveled flange of the main body portion of the tie; 15, a threaded bolt with opposite beveled sides to fit the dovetailed recesses and perforation in the clip and other '5, a section on line C D; Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, de- 1 i elements; 16, a locking-key with a recess 16, which enters a hole made in the end of the threaded bolt, and 17 is a nut.

Fig. 9' shows the location of the track-rails upon the metallic bearing-surface of the main element of the tie and the disposition of the clips and wedges of the fastening means ready to receive the threaded bolts.

In Figs. 20, 21, 22 is shown a second example of rail-fastening means. The numeral 18 designates a relatively wide recess made in the side of the top metallic main element of the tie; 19, a narrow recess in the opposite side; 20, a clip with a perforation 21 and a recess 22 in its under surface; 23, a threaded bolt with a perforation 24, beveled wings 25, and having one end 26 turned at a right angle to the body portion of the bolt; 27, a threaded bolt With a hooked end 28, engaging the recess 19 in the edge of the tie and having the threaded end passed through the hole 24 of the first-mentioned bolt, and 29 30 are nuts which fit the threaded ends of the two bolts.

In Figs. 23, 24C, 25, 26 is illustrated a third species of rail-fastening. The numeral 31 designates slots made in the metallic bearing face or flange of the main body portion of the tie; 32, a threaded bolt with an elongated beveled head of greater length than the width of slot 31 in the flange; 33, a clip with abeveled surface 34, perforation 35, and lug 36 upon its under surface, and 37 is a nut. In use the head of the bolt is dropped through the slot and revolved through an arc of ninety degrees, the clip passed over the bolt end and lowered, so that the lug 36 enters the slot and fills it, and the nut is then adjusted.

It will be observed that in most of the examples of the tie the same is made narrower in cross-section at the center than at the ends.

' This construction serves a twofold purpose.

It prevents the tie from becoming centerbound When the ballast works out at the ends under the pressure of passing trains or otherwise and the track settles, and it also anchors the tie in the road-beds and prevents its longitudinal movement, especially on curves, inasmuch as the inclined or angular surfaces at 38 form a bearing for the material of the road-bed.

In Figs. 17, 18, 19 I have shown plates 39 39 applied to the main metallic member of the tie, and they can when desired be used with the several other species of the tie, as shown in dotted lines, Figs. 1, 10, 12, 14.

In the manufacture of the tie a mold is made corresponding in length, depth, and width to the tie, the metallic beam placed centrally therein, the composition,consisting of suitable material-such as Portland cement, sand, gravel, limestone, cinders, &c.-in proper proportions, mixed and deposited in the mold around the beam and then tamped and subjected to heavy pressure. When the cement hasset, the tie is removed from the mold.

The process of manufacture and the elements selected for forming the composition can of course be varied to suit the circun'lstances.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings, it is obvious that I have produced an improved composite tie which is comparatively cheap in first cost, easily manufactured, very durable, inasmuch as the concrete will prevent rusting of the metal embedded therein, exceedingly strong, and which will not be rendered unserviceable if the concrete should in isolated instances become cracked or broken.

In each of the examples a comparatively heavy metallic plate extends substantially the entire length of the tie, to the upper face of which are secured the track-railsaml from the under face of which projects a web or webs, firmly seated in the concrete or cement. 'lo securely anchor this web, in several of the examples a head or flange or bulb is employed integral or otherwise with the web or webs, and in other examples the web is perforated at intervals and the concrete forced by pressure to fill the perforations. One or both of these methods may be selected to insure the permanent union of the beam and concrete. In all the species the main body portion consists of a metallic beam provided with a lower portion of concrete, which latter supports the beam and gives the requisite bearing-s11rfaces in the road-bed.

.IVhile I have illustrated only five species of the generic invention, showing the best methods of applying the principle, I do not thereby intend to limit the scope of my invention to such examples, inasmuch as various modifications, changes, and additions maybe introduced in practice which will not constitute substantial departures. In some cases 1 may rivet to the under surface of the heavy bearing-plate a web or webs and flange or an angle-iron to form the beam,and l-may select a different shape for the tie as a whole; but all such details of construction I shall regard as colorable when the completed tie embodies the characteristics of my invention and is fashioned for performing the same functions.

\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A composite tie having at its top surface a wide horizontally-disposed metallic plate, a support beneath the same of concrete composition, means for anchoring the metallic plate permanently and immovably to the composition, and a vertical metallic plate located beneath the longitudinal center of the horizontally-disposed metallic plate for stiffening the tie vertically, said vertical plate being embedded in the concrete, and the hm'izontallydisposed metallic plate being located centrally of the body of the concrete composition support.

2. A composite tie having at its top surface a wide horizontally-disposed metallic plate of substantially the width and length of the tie,

crete for the plate and web or webs, the said web or webs beingembedded in the concrete, and the horizontally-disposed metallic plate being located centrally of the body of the concrete support. A

4:. A composite tie having at its top a wide horizontally-disposed metallic plate, a web or webs upon its under surface, and asupport of concrete for the web or webs and the plate, said web or webs having perforations filled with the concrete, and the horizontally-disposed metallic plate being located centrally of the body of the concrete support.

5. A composite tie having at its top a metallic plate of substantially the length of the tie, a web upon its under surface, and a support of concrete for the plate; said web having a projection or projections therefrom embedded with said web in the concrete.

6. A composite tie having at its top a metallic plate, a'web upon its under surface provided with an enlargement such as a head, and a support of concrete; said web and enlargement being embedded in the concrete, and the metallic plate beinglocated centrally of the body of the concrete support.

7. A composite tie having a metallic element embracing a web with a top flange at one edge and an enlargement at the other edge, and a concrete support; said web and enlargement being embedded in the concrete and the top flange located centrally of the body of the concrete support; the top surface of the top flange being exposed to receive trackrrails.

8. A compositetie having a metallic element embracing a web with plates at the top edge for supporting the track-rails, an enlargement at its opposite edge, and a concrete support in which the web and enlargement are embedded, the said metallic element being located centrally of the body of the concrete support.

9. A composite tie having at the top ametallic plate extending substantially the length of the tie, a concrete support, a longitudinal metallic element under the center of the metallic plate embedded in the concrete, and metallic means joining the metallic plate and the metallic element for anchoring the former to the concrete support.

10. A composite tie comprising a main metallic body portion at the top surface of the tie and of substantially the width and length thereof for supporting the track-rails, and a .support for the same of concrete composition,

said concrete composition being of substantially the same length as the'metallic body portion, the mainmetallicibody portion being anchored tothetop'surface of-the concrete so that the ends will be exposed to support the rails.

. 11. A composite tie comprising ametallic. plate extending substantially the'leng-thof the tie, a support of concrete for the plate, and means for anchoring the'plate to the concrete support; said tie being wider at the ends than at its center, and the metallic plate at the center being of the width of the tie, for the purposes set forth.

12. The combination in a composite tie of a metallic plate at the top and extending substantially the length of the tie, a concrete support beneath the plate, and a longitudinal metallic element centrally disposed and embedded in the concrete below the plate and forming a lower chord or tension member.

13. The combination with a tie having a plate for supporting a track-rail, said plate being provided with a dovetail-shaped recess,

of a bolt of a shape in cross-section to fit the said dovetail-shaped recess, and a clip.

14:. The combination with a metallic tie having a dovetail-shaped recess, of a clip, a beveled washer, said clip having a recess in its side, and said washer a perforation; a bolt and nut, said bolt engaging the clip and seated in the recess; and means for securing the lower end of the bolt in position.

15. The combination in a composite tie, of a section of an old track-rail having a base, web and head, and a concrete support for the same, the head and web of the rail being embedded in the concrete and the base exposed at the ends.

16. The combination with a composite tie embracing a top plate of substantially the length of the tie, and a concrete support, of a rail-fastening comprising a clip having a beveled surface, and a threaded bolt and nut, said bolt being detachably secured to the said top plate.

17. A composite tie comprising a base of concrete, a metallic beanihaving a web embedded longitudinally in the concrete, and plates integral with the web and located adjacent the ends of the beam and at the top surface of the concrete to receive the trackrails; the said metallic beam being located centrally of the body of the concrete base.

18. A composite tie embracing a longitudinal metallic element and a support of concrete of substantially the same length of the metallic element; said metallic element having a vertical web embedded in the concrete, and ii anges extending horizontally each side of the web at its top edge and at the top surface of the tie, and said flanges supported by concrete located beneath their under surfaces; the

flanges at the top stiffening the tie horizontally vided with a beveled surface to engage the flange of a rail and a plain horizontal lower surface to engage the top surface of the plate, a bolt engaging the clip and seated in the recess; and means independent of the clip for preventing the horizontal displacement of the bolt from the recess.

20. The combination with a track-rail, and a tie having a plate with a recess in its edge, of a clip having a plain horizontal under surface to engage the top surface of the plate and provided with a beveled surface to engage the flange of the rail; a threaded bolt engaging the clip and seated in the recess; and a nut upon the bolt.

21. In a railway-tie, the combination with a base portion formed of concrete or cement, of a tie-plate embedded in the surface of the base and having a flange provided with openings to receive the cement, whereby the tie-plate is prevented from expanding or contracting longitudinally, independently of the base, and means for securing the rails to the tie-plate, said tie-plate being located centrally of the body of the concrete or cement base.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CASPER BU] IRER.

itnesses;

Rom. PORTER, M. A. W INNnLL. 

